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ADHD Medication in the UK The drugs for ADHD reduce symptoms by enhancing brain activity in specific regions. They also stimulate the production of neurotransmitters that are absent in people suffering from ADHD. In the UK stimulant medications are the most frequently prescribed medication for adults with ADHD. They are used to increase brain activity in areas that are involved in attention and impulse regulation. Stimulants In the UK there are two types medications that are approved for adults ADHD treatment: stimulants and nonstimulant medications. The stimulants are typically considered the first option because they boost activity in the regions of the brain that control attention and behavior. These include methylphenidate also known as Ritalin, and lisdexamfetamine. They can be given frequently throughout the day in a short-acting tablet or taken daily in a long-acting tablet that is released into the bloodstream throughout the course of a single day. The dosage of the medication could require frequent adjustments in the early days as it is monitored and adjusted (titrated) to determine the dosage that is effective for you. Stimulants have a long tradition of use, both medically and as recreational drugs. In the 1930s, truck drivers, students and athletes used amphetamines to boost their energy. Amphetamines are dangerous and can be misused. They are often abused because they make people feel good and stimulate the brain in ways that result in addiction. The most frequently reported side-effects of stimulants are a loss of appetite, trouble sleeping and issues with the digestive system or stomach. These issues can be cured by adjusting the dose or timing. Most adults tolerate them well. Children may experience more serious adverse effects, including the tics, weight gain and crankiness. Non-stimulant ADHD medications function differently than stimulants, and it can take some time to see them begin to work. Clonidine and Guanfacine, also known as Catapres and Intuniv are alpha agonists. They work by stimulating receptors in the brain to increase concentration and decrease hyperactivity, impulsivity and behavioral issues such tics and aggression. They can be taken on their own or as a complementary treatment alongside ADHD stimulant medications in children aged 6-17. Atomoxetine (brand name Strattera) is a non-stimulant medication for ADHD that increases levels of the neurotransmitter Noradrenaline to improve impulse control and concentration. It is a medication that can be prescribed on its own, but is typically combined with guanfacine in children. These medications are less likely to trigger the same side effects as stimulants, yet they can still cause a range of issues, such as headaches and insomnia. Atomoxetine Certain children aren't able to respond to stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin. For these kids, medication options called nonstimulants can be utilized. They boost signaling between nerves and regions of the brain, which help children focus more easily and reducing the impulsivity. Nonstimulant ADHD medications contain different active ingredients in contrast to stimulants and do not have the potential for abuse as they aren't controlled substances. Atomoxetine (Strattera) is one of the latest non-stimulant medicines that treat ADHD in adults, children and teens. click here! 's an antidepressant which has been shown to reduce symptoms of ADHD by increasing the levels of a chemical in the brain that is known as noradrenaline. Noradrenaline sends messages between brain cells and is involved in impulsivity, attention and motivation. Atomoxetine due to its unique mechanism of effect it does not suffer from the same adverse effects as other antidepressants such as Wellbutrin or Effexor. It can be prescribed for children as young as five and is taken orally once or twice a day in tablet form. Atomoxetine produces stable 24-hour control of ADHD symptoms, so it may help reduce problems at night, when the effects of certain stimulants wear off. The FDA has also approved guanfacineXR and clonidine XR, both of which are also available as non-stimulant ADHD medications. They are prescribed to children who haven't responded to stimulant medication or who have difficulty dealing with its adverse effects. They can be combined with stimulants, such as Adderall XR, (amphetamines salts), to treat ADHD more effectively. Follow the instructions of your doctor Follow your doctor's instructions if your child or you is receiving treatment with a nonstimulant ADHD medication. They'll likely recommend starting with small doses, and then gradually increasing the dosage over time. They will also inquire about any other medications you or your child is taking so they can check for interactions. You'll have to make regular appointments and let your GP be aware of any concerns or adverse reactions from the medication. They may change the dosage, or suggest alternative treatments, such as talk therapy. Unlicensed Medication Adult ADHD is treated using various stimulant and anti-stimulant drugs. The psychiatric physician may prescribe medications which are 'off-label' for the condition (these are drugs that are licensed for other ailments, but are now showing evidence of effectiveness in adult ADHD). These are usually antidepressants like bupropion or Venflaxine. They have shown some benefits in the condition, and are tolerated at lower doses. Sometimes, unlicensed medications are prescribed to patients when there is a medical need that is unique to the patient and the prescription cannot be fulfilled by a licensed alternative. This is for patients whose normal medication is not available due to disruption in supply or other reasons, as well as patients requiring the use of a liquid version of a licensed tablet or capsule due to reasons like intolerance or allergy. Unlicensed medicines are often referred to as “specials”. This term can also be used to describe drugs that are “off-label” or are prepared or supplied in a manner that is not covered by the license. Examples include crushing tablets in order to make them easier for the patient to swallow. Other options include adding liquid to tablets or capsules licensed by the FDA to make a mix that can be administered via injection. In general healthcare professionals will only use unlicensed medication as a last resort when it is felt that there is no approved alternative available. They will carefully consider a variety of options to meet the specific needs of each patient. They will also regularly review treatment and results, taking into account the clinical experience as well as new approved treatments. It is important that any medicine not licensed to treat a patient is safe and effective, and the reason for prescribing it is documented in the patient's record. Note any adverse reactions a patient may have from an off-label medication by using the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme. This information is used to update the medication's MHRA marketing authorization, and so to ensure that any future prescriptions of the drug are safe and effective. Talk Therapy A therapist working with you to help you identify your issues and find ways to manage. They can also offer you guidance and advice on how to change your way of thinking and acting to feel more positive. It is crucial that you complete the recommended number of sessions as this will make you feel better. The quantity of neurotransmitters in your brain can reduce ADHD symptoms. These are chemicals that allow your brain to pass on messages to help you focus your mind and avoid distractions. There are two types of ADHD medication that include stimulants and non-stimulants. All of them improve the quantity of neurotransmitters that are available in your brain. In the UK there are a variety of drugs that can be used to treat ADHD. The most commonly used medication is methylphenidate. It is available as immediate-release tablets, which are taken in small doses 2 to 3 times a day. Also, as modified-release tablets, which are taken every week but released throughout the time of the day. These aren't an answer, but they can assist you to control an impulsive behaviour and help you focus. They are generally well-tolerated, but your specialist will closely monitor you to ensure you get the right dose and are not experiencing any side negative effects. The treatment can take a few weeks to reach your optimal level and may need to be titrated (changed on an ongoing basis) in order to find the best dosage for you. Non-stimulant medications like atomoxetine (available only on prescription) can be more efficient and have less potential for addiction than stimulants. They are more effective but not as well-liked. Some people may experience problems with memory, appetite or sleep. Your specialist will monitor your progress and discuss whether or not you should continue with Atomoxetine or switch to another treatment. Neither medications nor therapy are permanent solutions for people with ADHD. They can help you cope with your issues and lead a happy life. Combining therapy with medication sessions will help you gain the most benefit from your treatment. You'll learn strategies for coping and identify unhelpful patterns of behavior and thinking. Some people's improved moods and self-confidence may last for a long time after their treatment.